A language is a signaling system which operates with symbolic vocal sounds (語聲), and which is used by a group of people for the purpose of communication.

    Let’s look at this 1 in more detail because it is language, more than anything else, 2 distinguishes man from the rest of the 3 world.

    Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by 4 of cries: for example, many birds utter 5 calls at the approach of danger; monkeys utter 6 cries, such as expressions of anger, fear and pleasure. 7 these various means of communication differ in important ways 8 human language. For instance, animals’ cries do not 9 thoughts and feelings clearly. This means, basically, that they lack structure. They lack the kind of structure that 10 us to divide a human utterance into 11 .

1. A. classification B. definition C. function D. perception

2. A. that B. it C. as D. what

3. A. native B. human C. physical D. animal

4. A. ways B. means C. methods D. approaches

5. A. mating B. exciting C. warning D. boring

6. A. identical B. similar C. different D. unfamiliar

7. A. But B.Therefore C. Afterwards D. Furthermore

8. A. about B. with C. from D. in

9. A. infer B. explain C. interpret D. express

10. A. encourages B. enables C. enforces D. ensures

11. A. speeches B. sounds C. words D. voices

1.B 此題考查普通詞匯。上文給出的明顯是語言的定義,因此,答案選definition。

2.C 此題考查的語法點是定語從句。從空缺前的逗號可以推斷出,這是個非限定性定語從句,四個選項中,能作為非限定性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的只有as,表達(dá)“正如語言將人類和其他物質(zhì)區(qū)分開來的一樣。”

3.C 此題考查上下文理解。語言將人和物質(zhì)世界的其他物質(zhì)區(qū)分開來。

4.B 此處考查固定搭配,by means of表示“通過……方式或途徑”。因此,選B。

5.C 此處考查詞匯和上下文理解,在危險來臨之際,鳥兒們發(fā)出的應(yīng)該是警告聲。故選warning。

6.C 從后文可得知,猴子能通過聲音表達(dá)憤怒、恐懼和高興。由此推斷可知,猴子發(fā)出的叫聲應(yīng)該是不同的。故選C。

7.A 此處考查介詞及上下文理解,作者旨在拿動物發(fā)出的聲音和人類的語言進(jìn)行比較。前文敘述動物也能發(fā)出不同的聲音,這里說的是動物的交流方式與人類語言在幾個重大的方面是不同,前后文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選but。

8.C 此處考查固定搭配:differ from(與……不同)。

9.D infer表示“推斷”,explain指“解釋”,interpret表示“解釋、說明”。這里選express(表達(dá))最符合文意。

10.B 見11題。

11.C 這兩題放在一起來分析。原文意思應(yīng)是:“人類擁有能把話語細(xì)分成單詞的某種結(jié)構(gòu),而動物卻沒有。”10題的encourage(勇敢),enforce(強(qiáng)迫),ensure(保證)都不符合題意。而11題,比話語更小的單位應(yīng)該是words。故此題選C。